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085-CUSF-0030
» Citation URL: http://vegbank.org/cite/urn:lsid:cvs.bio.unc.edu:observation:16269-{B1DB225F-3C4C-48E4-B911-8C947C944EE1}
» Citing info
Plot ID Fields: 
Author Plot Code ? 085-CUSF-0030
Author Observation Code ? 085-CUSF-0030
Location Fields: MAP: Google | Yahoo | TopoZone | MapQuest
Location Accuracy ? 25 m
Confidentiality Status ? 100 km radius (nearest degree)
Latitude ? 38 º
Longitude ? -78 º
State or Province ? Virginia
Named Places
county: Cumberland
region|state|province: Virginia
Layout Fields: 
DSG Polygon ? 16 x 25 m
Area ? 400
Permanence ? not permanent
Environment Fields: 
Elevation ? 100 m
Slope Aspect ? (n/a, flat) º
Slope Gradient ? 2 º
Topographic Position ? crest/interfluve
Landform ? rolling/dissected upland
Hydrologic Regime ? terrestrial (upland)
Soil Moisture Regime ? somewhat xeric
Soil Drainage ? somewhat poorly drained
Methods Fields: 
Observation Start Date ? 15-May-2008
Observation End Date ? 15-May-2008
Project ? Virginia Heritage
Cover Method ? Carolina Vegetation Survey
Stratum Method ? No Strata
Stem Size Limit ? 2.5 cm
Method Narrative ? releve Virginia Division of Natural Heritage, see http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/documents/nh_plotform_instructions.pdf
Overall Taxon Cover Values are Automatically Calculated? ? no
Stem Observation Area ? 400
Plot Quality Fields: 
Plot Validation Level ? (2) classification plot: sufficient for inclusion in a classification revision
Overall Plot Vegetation Fields: 
Tree Height ? 28 m
Shrub Height ? 6 m
Field Height ? 1 m
Tree Cover ? 90 %
Shrub Cover ? 30 %
Field Cover ? 40 %
Nonvascular Cover ? 0.5 %
Misc Fields: 
Observation Narrative ? Plot is located in a fairly extensive oak-hickory "flatwoods." In the vicinity of the plot location, the landscape slopes slightly toward the headwaters of a small, sluggish drain. DOF has aged this stand at 145 years, which probably represents the age of the oldest white oaks and hickories. However, the stand was selectively thinned decades ago. The stand composition changes from mixed oaks and hickories to dominance by Carya glabra, and evidence of a seasonally perched water table (standing water in old road ruts and depressions) increases. Sticky clay soils suggest the presence of a subsoil hardpan, causing the habitat to alternate between waterlogged during wet periods and droughty during dry periods.
Taxa occurring on this plot-observation
Change plant label:
Change Strata Shown:
ord Author Plant Name ?Original Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Original Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Original Interpretation, Common Name ?Original Interpretation, USDA Code ?Current Interpretation, full Scientific Name ?Current Interpretation, Scientific Name without authors ?Current Interpretation, Common Name ?Current Interpretation, USDA Code ? Stratum ?Cover ?Original Cover Code ?Basal Area ?Biomass ?Inference Area ? Stems: Stem Diameters (graphically):
1 Carya glabra Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   Carya glabra **   -all-  
62.5 %
8      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
17.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     2 stem(s)
22.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     3 stem(s)
27.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     2 stem(s)
32.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     2 stem(s)
40.5 cm ± 0.5 cm     1 stem(s)
44.5 cm ± 0.5 cm     1 stem(s)
45.5 cm ± 0.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem
2 Ulmus alata Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   Ulmus alata **   -all-  
37.5 %
7      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
3.75 cm ± 1.25 cm     1 stem(s)
12.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     5 stem(s)
stem stem stem stem stem stem
3 Quercus alba Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   Quercus alba **   -all-  
17.5 %
6      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
12.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     2 stem(s)
17.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     2 stem(s)
32.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
41.5 cm ± 0.5 cm     1 stem(s)
42.5 cm ± 0.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem stem stem stem stem stem stem
4 Piptochaetium avenaceum Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   Piptochaetium avenaceum **   -all-  
7.5 %
5       -none-
5 Fraxinus americana Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   Fraxinus americana **   -all-  
7.5 %
5      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
7.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
12.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem stem
6 Rubus flagellaris Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   Rubus flagellaris **   -all-  
7.5 %
5       -none-
7 Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   Juniperus virginiana var. virginiana **   -all-  
7.5 %
5      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
3.75 cm ± 1.25 cm     5 stem(s)
7.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     4 stem(s)
17.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
27.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem stem
8 Vaccinium stamineum Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   Vaccinium stamineum **   -all-  
3.5 %
4       -none-
9 Vaccinium pallidum Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   Vaccinium pallidum **   -all-  
3.5 %
4       -none-
10 Oxalis violacea Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   Oxalis violacea **   -all-  
3.5 %
4       -none-
11 Chionanthus virginicus Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   Chionanthus virginicus **   -all-  
3.5 %
4       -none-
12 Carex digitalis Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   Carex digitalis **   -all-  
3.5 %
4       -none-
13 Quercus rubra Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   Quercus rubra **   -all-  
3.5 %
4      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
7.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
27.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem stem
14 Quercus phellos Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   Quercus phellos **   -all-  
1.5 %
3      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
7.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem
15 Quercus velutina Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   Quercus velutina **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
16 Quercus stellata Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   Quercus stellata **   -all-  
1.5 %
3      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
17.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem
17 Cornus florida Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   Cornus florida **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
18 Krigia dandelion Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   Krigia dandelion **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
19 Acer rubrum Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   Acer rubrum **   -all-  
1.5 %
3      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
7.5 cm ± 2.5 cm     1 stem(s)
stem
20 Melica mutica Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   Melica mutica **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
21 Quercus falcata Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   Quercus falcata **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
22 Carpinus caroliniana Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   Carpinus caroliniana **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
23 Carex pensylvanica Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   Carex pensylvanica **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
24 Parthenocissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   Parthenocissus quinquefolia **   -all-  
1.5 %
3       -none-
25 Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   Polygonatum biflorum var. biflorum **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
26 Galium triflorum Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   Galium triflorum **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
27 Heuchera americana Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   Heuchera americana **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
28 Carex willdenowii Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   Carex willdenowii **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
29 Scutellaria integrifolia Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   Scutellaria integrifolia **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
30 Smilax glauca Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   Smilax glauca **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
31 Sphenopholis nitida Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   Sphenopholis nitida **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
32 Scleria oligantha Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   Scleria oligantha **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
33 Ilex decidua var. decidua Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   Ilex decidua var. decidua **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
34 Cercis canadensis var. canadensis Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   Cercis canadensis var. canadensis **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
35 Celtis occidentalis Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   Celtis occidentalis **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
36 Viola palmata var. triloba Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   Viola palmata var. triloba **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
37 Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   Crataegus uniflora var. uniflora **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
38 Dichanthelium boscii Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   Dichanthelium boscii **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
39 Polystichum acrostichoides Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   Polystichum acrostichoides **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
40 Galium circaezans Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   Galium circaezans **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
41 Lonicera japonica Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   Lonicera japonica **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
42 Viburnum prunifolium Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   Viburnum prunifolium **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
43 Prunus serotina var. serotina Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   Prunus serotina var. serotina **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
44 Euonymus americanus Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   Euonymus americanus **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
45 Fagus grandifolia Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   Fagus grandifolia **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
46 Festuca subverticillata Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   Festuca subverticillata **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
47 Liquidambar styraciflua Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   Liquidambar styraciflua **   -all-  
0.505 %
2      
DBH ?DBH err ?Ht. ?Ht. Err ?# ?
3.75 cm ± 1.25 cm     1 stem(s)
stem
48 Carex hirsutella Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   Carex hirsutella **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
49 Oxalis dillenii Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   Oxalis dillenii **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
50 Carya tomentosa Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   Carya tomentosa **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
51 Carex cephalophora Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   Carex cephalophora **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
52 Dichanthelium laxiflorum Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   Dichanthelium laxiflorum **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
53 Claytonia virginica Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   Claytonia virginica **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
54 Toxicodendron radicans Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   Toxicodendron radicans **   -all-  
0.505 %
2       -none-
55 Galium pilosum Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   Galium pilosum **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
56 Vitis vulpina Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   Vitis vulpina **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
57 Ruellia caroliniensis Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   Ruellia caroliniensis **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
58 Clematis ochroleuca Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   Clematis ochroleuca **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
59 Hylodesmum nudiflorum Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   Hylodesmum nudiflorum **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
60 Endodeca serpentaria Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   Endodeca serpentaria **   -all-  
0.05 %
1       -none-
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.

Stratum Definitions:
Sorry, no Stratum Definitions found.
This table is SORTABLE. Click the headers to sort ascending and descending.
Observation Contributors:
Party ?Role ?
Fleming, Gary Author
Community Classification:
More Classification Start Date ? Community AssignmentsContributors
Details 19-Apr-2010
Community Concept ?Class Fit ?Class Confidence ?Community Authority Reference ?Typal ?
Quercus stellata - Quercus marilandica - Carya (carolinae-septentrionalis, glabra) / Schizachyrium scoparium Woodland 4 Medium   no
No Class Contributors.


Soil Observations:
Soil Horizon ?Soil Depth Top ?Soil Depth Bottom ?Soil Color ?Soil Organic ?Soil Texture ?Soil Sand ?Soil Silt ?Soil Clay ?Soil Coarse ?Soil PH ?Exchange Capacity ?Base Saturation ?Soil Description ?
unknown       3.79999995231628 %           3.90000009536743 5.98999977111816 31.3500003814697 % 0-2 cm: leaf litter 2-4 cm: dark brown humus and fine roots 4+ cm: yellow-brown silty clay loam, quite sticky


Disturbance Data:
Disturbance Type ?Disturbance Intensity ?Disturbance Comment ?
unknown   A few well-rotted stumps present in stand outside plot. Old logging road traces nearby. A few stump-sprouted oaks present.


User Defined Values
No User Defined Data for this plot